Abstract
Centrality of emotion for the stories told by humans is underpinned by numerous studies in literature and psychology. The research in automatic storytelling has recently turned towards emotional storytelling, in which characters' emotions play an important role in the plot development. However, these studies mainly use emotion to generate propositional statements in the form "A feels affection towards B" or "A confronts B". At the same time, emotional behavior does not boil down to such propositional descriptions, as humans display complex and highly variable patterns in communicating their emotions, both verbally and non-verbally. In this paper, we analyze how emotions are expressed non-verbally in a corpus of fan fiction short stories. Our analysis shows that stories written by humans convey character emotions along various non-verbal channels. We find that some non-verbal channels, such as facial expressions and voice characteristics of the characters, are more strongly associated with joy, while gestures and body postures are more likely to occur with trust. Based on our analysis, we argue that automatic storytelling systems should take variability of emotion into account when generating descriptions of characters' emotions.
Abstract (translated)
人类所讲故事的情感中心性是文学和心理学众多研究的基础。近年来,自动叙事的研究转向了情感叙事,其中人物情感在情节发展中起着重要作用。然而,这些研究主要是利用情感来产生“A对B的情感”或“A对B的对抗”形式的命题陈述。同时,情感行为并不能归结为这样的命题描述,因为人类在口头和非口头的情感交流中表现出复杂多变的模式。本文分析了粉丝小说短篇小说中情感的非言语表达方式。我们的分析表明,人类写的故事通过各种非语言渠道传达人物情感。我们发现,一些非语言的渠道,如面部表情和人物的声音特征,更强烈地与快乐联系在一起,而手势和身体姿势更容易与信任发生。基于我们的分析,我们认为,自动讲故事系统应该在生成人物情绪描述时考虑到情绪的可变性。
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.02402