Abstract
In the last few years, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are making a revolution as an emerging technology with many different applications in the military, civilian, and commercial fields. The advent of autonomous drones has initiated serious challenges, including how to maintain their safe operation during their missions. The safe operation of UAVs remains an open and sensitive issue since any unexpected behavior of the drone or any hazard would lead to potential risks that might be very severe. The motivation behind this work is to propose a methodology for the safety assurance of drones over the Internet {(Internet of drones (IoD))}. Two approaches will be used in performing the safety analysis: (1) a qualitative safety analysis approach, and (2) a quantitative safety analysis approach. The first approach uses the international safety standards, namely ISO 12100 and ISO 13849 to assess the safety of drone's missions by focusing on qualitative assessment techniques. The methodology starts with hazard identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation, and finally, draws the safety recommendations associated with a drone delivery use case. The second approach presents a method for the quantitative safety assessment using Bayesian Networks (BN) for probabilistic modeling. BN utilizes the information provided by the first approach to model the safety risks related to UAVs' flights. An illustrative UAV crash scenario is presented as a case study, followed by scenario analysis, to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. These two analyses, qualitative and quantitative, enable { all involved stakeholders} to detect, explore and address the risks of UAV flights, which will help the industry to better manage the safety concerns of UAVs.
Abstract (translated)
在过去的几年里，无人机作为一种新兴的技术，在军事、民用和商业领域有着许多不同的应用，正在进行一场革命。自主无人机的出现引发了严峻的挑战，包括如何在执行任务期间保持其安全运行。无人机的安全运行仍然是一个公开和敏感的问题，因为无人机的任何意外行为或任何危险都会导致可能非常严重的潜在风险。这项工作背后的动机是提出一种通过互联网（互联网无人机（IOD））确保无人机安全的方法。安全分析将采用两种方法：（1）定性安全分析方法；（2）定量安全分析方法。第一种方法使用国际安全标准，即ISO 12100和ISO 13849，通过侧重于定性评估技术来评估无人机任务的安全性。该方法首先从危险识别、风险评估、风险缓解开始，最后得出与无人机交付用例相关的安全建议。第二种方法提出了一种利用贝叶斯网络进行概率建模的定量安全评估方法。bn利用第一种方法提供的信息来模拟与无人机飞行相关的安全风险。以无人机坠毁情景为例进行了分析，并进行了情景分析，验证了该方法的适用性。这两个分析，定性和定量，使所有相关利益相关者能够检测、探索和解决无人机飞行的风险，这将有助于行业更好地管理无人机的安全问题。
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09432
