Abstract
Conventional product design is a cognitively demanding process, limited by its time-consuming nature, reliance on subjective expertise, and the opaque translation of inspiration into tangible concepts. This research introduces a novel, attention-aware framework that integrates two synergistic systems: EUPHORIA, an immersive Virtual Reality environment using eye-tracking to implicitly capture a designer's aesthetic preferences, and RETINA, an agentic AI pipeline that translates these implicit preferences into concrete design outputs. The foundational principles were validated in a two-part study. An initial study correlated user's implicit attention with explicit preference and the next one correlated mood to attention. A comparative study where 4 designers solved challenging design problems using 4 distinct workflows, from a manual process to an end-to-end automated pipeline, showed the integrated EUPHORIA-RETINA workflow was over 4 times more time-efficient than the conventional method. A panel of 50 design experts evaluated the 16 final renderings. Designs generated by the fully automated system consistently received the highest Worthiness (calculated by an inverse Plackett-Luce model based on gradient descent optimization) and Design Effectiveness scores, indicating superior quality across 8 criteria: novelty, visual appeal, emotional resonance, clarity of purpose, distinctiveness of silhouette, implied materiality, proportional balance, & adherence to the brief. This research presents a validated paradigm shift from traditional Computer-Assisted Design (CAD) to a collaborative model of Designer-Assisting Computers (DAC). By automating logistical and skill-dependent generative tasks, the proposed framework elevates the designer's role to that of a creative director, synergizing human intuition with the generative power of agentic AI to produce higher-quality designs more efficiently.
Abstract (translated)
传统的商品设计是一个认知负担重的过程，受限于其耗时性、依赖主观专业知识以及将灵感转化为具体概念的不透明过程。这项研究介绍了一种新颖且具有注意力感知能力的框架，整合了两个协同系统：EUPHORIA和RETINA。其中，EUPHORIA是一个利用眼动追踪技术捕捉设计师审美偏好的沉浸式虚拟现实环境；而RETINA则是一条代理人工智能管道，能够将这些隐性的偏好转化为具体的设 计输出。 该基础原理在两项研究中得到了验证：一项初步研究将用户隐性注意力与显性偏好进行了关联，另一项研究将情绪和注意力相关联。在一项比较研究中，4位设计师使用了四种不同的工作流程来解决设计难题，从手动过程到端到端的自动化管道，结果显示集成的EUPHORIA-RETINA工作流比传统方法的时间效率高出四倍以上。 一个由50名设计专家组成的评审团对16个最终渲染进行了评估。全自动化系统生成的设计在新颖性、视觉吸引力、情感共鸣、目标清晰度、轮廓独特性、材料暗示、比例平衡以及符合设计简报的八个标准上，持续获得最高的“价值”（通过基于梯度下降优化的逆Plackett-Luce模型计算）和“设计有效性”评分，表明其质量明显优于传统方法。 这项研究提出了一种从传统的计算机辅助设计(CAD)转向设计师与计算机协作模式的设计范式转变。通过自动化物流性和技能依赖性的生成任务，该框架提升了设计师的角色至创意总监，并将人类的直觉与代理人工智能的生成能力相结合，以更高效地创造出更高品质的设计。
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19708
