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CortexBridge: Cortical Alignment of EEG Montages for Foundation Models

2026-10-01 06:08:56
Jiazhen Hong, Xiaotian Zhou, Zihao Ding, Kailong Wang, Yu Wu
arXiv_AI
           
Abstract

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models are often pretrained with a fixed channel vocabulary or a limited set of montages, making transfer difficult when electrode layouts change. We propose CortexBridge, a lightweight adapter that combines EEG features with electrode and atlas coordinates to map arbitrary montages into a shared cortical latent space. Evaluated with three frozen foundation models on five brain-computer interface (BCI) datasets from the Mother of All BCI Benchmarks (MOABB), CortexBridge improves performance in 13 of 15 evaluations. The gains in balanced accuracy average 0.80% for EEGPT, 0.70% for LaBraM, and 3.26% for CBraMod, with a maximum gain of 13.02% on 12-class steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) classification. Visualizations of the learned atlas representations reveal task-dependent spatial patterns, with SSVEP showing a more concentrated representation in the Yeo Visual network than auditory P300. These results establish cortical alignment as a learnable and anatomically grounded routing mechanism from heterogeneous EEG montages to pretrained foundation models.

Abstract (translated)

URL

https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.01124

PDF

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.01124.pdf

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